6. Darshanas: Philosophical systems in Hinduism, offering diverse perspectives on metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics for spiritual understanding.
Introduction Nyaya Darshana, or the Nyaya School of Philosophy, is one of the six classical schools of Indian philosophy (Darshanas). The term “Nyaya” means “rule” or “method” and reflects the school’s emphasis on logic, epistemology, and analytical inquiry. Traditionally attributed to the sage Gautama (also known as Akshapada), Nyaya Darshana is primarily concerned with the … Read more
Introduction Vaisheshika Darshana is one of the six classical schools of Indian philosophy (Darshanas) that focuses on metaphysics, particularly the nature of reality and the categorization of the world. Traditionally attributed to the sage Kanada (also known as Kashyapa), Vaisheshika Darshana emphasizes the analysis of physical and metaphysical entities, aiming to identify and categorize the … Read more
Introduction Samkhya Darshana is one of the six classical schools of Indian philosophy, renowned for its systematic and dualistic approach to metaphysics and cosmology. Traditionally attributed to the sage Kapila, Samkhya provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the nature of reality, emphasizing the distinction between consciousness (Purusha) and matter (Prakriti). This school of thought is … Read more
Introduction Yoga Darshana, or the Yoga School of Philosophy, is one of the six classical schools of Indian philosophy. Rooted in the ancient spiritual traditions of India, it is systematically expounded in the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, composed around the 2nd century BCE to 5th century CE. Yoga Darshana emphasizes the integration of body, mind, … Read more
Introduction Mimamsa Darshana, also known as Purva Mimamsa, is one of the six classical schools of Indian philosophy. Its primary focus is on the exegesis and interpretation of the Vedas, the oldest and most authoritative scriptures in Hinduism. Mimamsa seeks to establish the primacy of the Vedic texts as the ultimate source of dharma (duty, … Read more
Introduction Vedanta Darshana, often referred to simply as Vedanta, is one of the six classical schools of Indian philosophy. The term “Vedanta” means “the end of the Vedas,” signifying the culmination of Vedic thought. It primarily focuses on the teachings found in the Upanishads, which are considered the concluding portions of the Vedas, along with … Read more
The Apavarga (Liberation) sub-section of the Nyaya Darsana explores the concept of ultimate liberation from the cycle of birth and death. It delves into the ways in which one can achieve moksha, or liberation, through right knowledge, action, and devotion. This section provides guidance on attaining spiritual freedom and breaking free from the cycle of samsara.
In the Nyaya Darsana, the “Moksha” sub-section of the Apavarga section focuses on liberation from the cycle of rebirth and suffering. It delves into the concept of attaining ultimate freedom through self-realization and spiritual enlightenment. This section offers guidance on achieving liberation through the purification of the mind and realization of the true self.
Bandha, in the Nyaya Darsana, refers to the state of bondage or limitation experienced by the soul due to its association with matter. This sub-section of the Apavarga section explores the concept of liberation from this bondage through the pursuit of knowledge and understanding of the true nature of the self.
The “Tarka-Vidhi” sub-section of the Vada section in Nyaya Darsana outlines the rules and methods for logical reasoning and debate. It emphasizes the importance of rigorous argumentation and critical thinking in order to arrive at sound conclusions. By following these guidelines, one can engage in productive and meaningful discussions.