Samanya

The Samanya sub-section of the Padartha section in Nyaya Darsana focuses on the concept of universals or generalities. It examines how the universal concepts are perceived and understood by individuals, shedding light on the relationship between the specific and the general in the realm of knowledge and perception.

Karma

Karma, in the Nyaya Darsana, refers to action and its consequences. It is believed that every action, whether good or bad, will eventually result in corresponding outcomes. The concept of karma plays a crucial role in shaping individual destinies and determining the moral fabric of society.

Guna

In the Nyaya Darsana, the Guna sub-section of the Padartha section explores the qualities and properties of objects. By categorizing these attributes, the Nyaya philosophers seek to understand the nature of reality and how these qualities shape our perception of the world around us.

Dravya

Dravya, a key concept in the Nyaya Darsana, refers to substance or entity that exists independently. According to Nyaya philosophy, Dravya is one of the seven categories of Padartha, representing the building blocks of the universe. It encompasses both material and non-material substances, providing a foundation for understanding reality.